A targeting system (1) for the guided insertion of a guide wire (50) or a bone screw comprising: a stabilization body (2) fixed to the bone by means of stabilization screws (3); a guide sleeve (4) adapted to receive a guide cannula (5) for the insertion of the guide wire (50) or bone screw; articulated connection means (6) adapted to connect the stabilization body (2) to the guide sleeve (4) and allow the relative spatial position of the guide sleeve (4) to be varied with respect to the stabilization body (2).