Methods for preventing and/or treating symptoms of Post-Traumatic StressDisorder(PTSD) are provided. The preferred method comprises administration of aneffectiveamount of insulin to the upper one-third of a mammal's, preferably a human,nasalcavity, thereby enabling the administered at least one effective amount ofinsulin tobypass the patient's blood-brain barrier and be directly delivered to thepatient's CNS.Another embodiment comprises utilizing vasoconstrictors to enhance targetingof aneffective amount of insulin to the CNS while reducing non-target exposure.
