A deep brain stimulation apparatus according to the present disclosure includes: a stimulator for applying electrical stimulation to a brain； a light source for providing light to the brain； plasmonic nano-particles which, when the brain releases a neurotransmitter as a result of the electrical stimulation, come into contact with the neurotransmitter to enable surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)； a photodetector which includes the plasmonic nano-particles and, when the light from the light source is scattered by the neurotransmitter which has come into contact with the plasmonic nano-particles, detects the scattered light； a signal processing analyzer for converting a light signal from the photodetector to an electric signal； and a controller for receiving an analysis signal from the signal processing analyzer to control the stimulator.
