A pharmaceutical formulation, comprising: (a) a compound of formula 1 wherein: R<；SUP>；1 <；/SUP>；is hydrogen, C<；SUB>；1-4<；/SUB>；-alkyl, -O-C<；SUB>；1-4<；/SUB>；-alkyl, or halogen； R<；SUP>；2 <；/SUP>；is hydrogen, C<；SUB>；1-4<；/SUB>；-alkyl, -O-C<；SUB>；1-4<；/SUB>；-alkyl, or halogen； R<；SUP>；3 <；/SUP>；is hydrogen, C<；SUB>；1-4<；/SUB>；-alkyl, -O-C<；SUB>；1-4<；/SUB>；-alkyl, halogen, OH, -O-C<；SUB>；1-4<；/SUB>；-alkylene-COOH, or -O- C<；SUB>；1-4<；/SUB>；-alkylene-COO-C<；SUB>；1-4<；/SUB>；-alkyl； and X<；SUP>；- <；/SUP>；denotes an anion with a single negative charge, or a tautomer, enantiomer, solvate, or hydrate thereof； (b) a second active substance 2 selected from tiotropium salts, oxitropium salts, flutropium salts, ipratropium salts, glycopyrronium salts, and trospium salts, or a tautomer, enantiomer, solvate, or hydrate thereof； (c) at least one pharmacologically acceptable acid； and (d) a solvent selected from water, ethanol, or a mixture of water and ethanol.
