An N-substituted imidazole carboxylic ester chiral compound containing an ether side chain, a preparation method and an application. The structure of the compound is represented by formula (I). The compound can generate a rapid and reversible general anesthesia effect. Animal experiments show that the compound has rapid and short-acting pharmacological characteristics and can be used as a rapid and short-acting general anesthesia medicine. Meanwhile, compared with etomidate, the compound can reduce the inhibition on synthesis of adrenal cortical hormone, recovery is rapid and thorough, and the compound has obvious advantages and good application prospects. The only chiral carbon in the structure of the compound must be of R type. The imidazole ring in the structure of the compound has acidifiable N atoms, so that the compound and medicinal salt molecules thereof can be applied to the preparation of central inhibitory medicines capable of generating sedative, hypnotic and/or anesthetic effects on animals or human through veins or paths outside veins.
