The present invention provides a real-time adjustment control system and a control method for response parameters of a castration operation of a corn castration machine. The adjustment control system comprises a control unit, a corn height sensor, a speed sensor, and a castration mechanism, wherein an input end of the control unit is connected with the corn height sensor and the speed sensor, an output end of the control unit is connected with the castration mechanism, wherein when the castration mechanism arrives at a position of a corn whose height signal is acquired, the control unit outputs, according to a corn height signal acquired by the corn height sensor and a real-time speed signal acquired by the speed sensor, a corresponding execution signal to control the castration mechanism to actuate. The present invention improves preciseness of the castration operation, and achieves the real-time adjustment of response parameters for different operation speeds and different corn production conditions.
