Provided herein are muscle compression devices and self-actuated muscle compression devices. The devices generally comprise at least one encompassing member with an inner surface substantially contacting a muscle perimeter in at least one location on the subjects skin, at least one compression member disposed on the inner surface and at least one actuator disposed on the encompassing member in a tightening relationship therewith. The components of the device may be arranged as single clasping loops around the subject or as a vest or harness worn by the subject. Also provided is a method for compressing a muscle in which the device is positioned on the subject and the actuators are self-actuated to tighten the encompassing members. Tightening results in the compression members contacting the muscle target site with increasing compressive force.
