Disclosed herein are methods for (a) inhibiting, reducing, slowing, or preventing, the aging of a subject, (b) for treating, inhibiting, reducing, or preventing an age-related disease in the subject, and/or (c) for increasing the lifespan of the subject which comprise administering to the subject one or more glutamate compounds, such as α-ketoglutate, and/or one or more glutamate compounds, such as 2-hydroxypentanedioate, and compositions thereof.
