PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hair undulation or entanglement improving agent which has an excellent hair undulation or entanglement improving effect, and can maintain the effect for a long period of time, to provide a hair cosmetic with hair undulation or entanglement improving effect, and to provide a method for improving hair undulation or entanglement which allows the long lasting effect, using the hair undulation or entanglement improving agent.SOLUTION: The hair undulation or entanglement improving agent containing a lactone derivative represented by the following general formula (1), or the hair cosmetic containing the hair undulation or entanglement improving agent is used. The effect can be maintained for a long period of time by subjecting to heat treatment after applying the undulation or entanglement improving agent to the hair. In the formula, n is 1 or 2, and R represents a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group of a straight chain or a branched chain of carbon number of 9 to 22.【課題】優れた毛髪のうねり及び絡まり改善効果を有し、かつ、その効果を長期間発揮させることができる毛髪のうねり又は絡まり改善剤、並びに、うねり又は絡まり改善作用の毛髪化粧料を提供する。また、該うねり又は絡まり改善剤を用いて、効果を長期間発揮させることができる毛髪のうねり又は絡まり改善方法を提供する。【解決手段】下記一般式(1)で表されるラクトン誘導体を含有する毛髪のうねり又は絡まり改善剤、又は、該うねり又は絡まり改善剤を配合した毛髪化粧料を用いる。該うねり又は絡まり改善剤を毛髪に塗布した後、熱処理を施すことでその効果を長期間発揮させることが可能である。【化1】(ただし式中、nは1又は2であり、Rは炭素数9~22の直鎖又は分岐鎖の飽和又は不飽和炭化水素基を表す)【選択図】なし