Systems and methods related to polymer foams for the treatment of blood vessel dissections are generally described. Some embodiments relate to compositions and methods for the preparation of polymer foams, and methods for using the polymer foams. The polymer foams can be applied to or within a dissection caused by an intimal tear in a blood vessel, sealing the dissection and preventing further perfusion thereof. In some embodiments, the polymer foam can be formed within a body cavity (i.e., in-situ foam formation). The foam may be used to fill the dissection as a thrombosing agent. In addition, the foam may be used in conjunction with medical devices such as stents, stent-grafts, balloons, and catheters.
