The invention discloses methods and systems for modulation of the central nervous system and more particularly for modulation of brain oscillatory activity and the brain networks that give rise to it. The methods involve using one or more non-invasive stimuli, either alone or in combination, to increase, decrease, or otherwise modulate neural oscillations, the rhythmic and/or repetitive electrical activity generated spontaneously and in response to stimuli by neural tissue in the central nervous system. Various embodiments concern methods and devices for detecting sub-optimal or pathological neural oscillatory patterns, developing treatment protocols to modify the neural oscillations in a desired manner, introducing a non-invasive stimulus or stimuli through one or more sensory pathways to treat the conditions, and for adjusting the treatment protocol to optimize the therapeutic effect of the stimulus or stimuli.
