The present invention relates to the identification of miRNAs that are involved in cardiac remodeling following ischemia and ischemia reperfusion injury. A subset of these miRNAs are regulated in the short term following an ischemic event indicating that these miRNAs play an important role in the induction of subsequent pathological events. Modulation of these identified miRNAs as a treatment or prevention for myocardial ischemia and ischemia reperfusion injury is described.
