The invention relates to an ultra-low molecular weight heparin with an average molecular weight of 2000 to 3000 Daltons, an anti-FXa activity of about 160 U/mg and an anti-Flla activity of about 2 U/mg, in particular semuloparin, for use as an antithrombotic agent for the prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy for locally advanced or metastatic solid tumors, more specifically in patients receiving chemotherapy for locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic or lung cancer, or for locally advanced or metastatic solid tumors with a VTE risk score equal to or greater than 3.本發明係關於一種平均分子量為2000至3000道耳頓、抗FXa活性為約160 U/mg且抗FIIa活性為約2 U/mg的超低分子量肝素(特定而言為瑟莫羅培林(semuloparin)),其係作為抗血栓劑,在因局部晚期或轉移性實體腫瘤而接受化療的癌症患者中用於預防靜脈血栓性栓塞症,更明確而言為用於因局部晚期或轉移性胰腺癌或肺癌,或VTE風險評分等於或大於3的局部晚期或轉移性實體腫瘤而接受化療的患者中。