This invention provides solid substrates for mitigating or preventing cell or tissue adherence and/or vascularization, which solid substrate comprises a marine organism skeletal derivative and is characterized by a specific fluid uptake capacity value of less than 40%, which specific fluid uptake capacity value is determined by establishing a spontaneous fluid uptake value divided by a total fluid uptake value and processes for selection of an optimized marine organism skeletal derivative-based solid substrate for mitigating or preventing cell or tissue adherence and/or vascularization and applications of the same. This invention also provides solid substrates for mitigating or preventing cell or tissue adherence and/or vascularization, which solid substrate is characterized by having a contact angle value of more than 60 degrees, when in contact with a fluid. This invention also provides solid substrates for mitigating or preventing cell or tissue adherence and/or vascularization, which solid substrate is characterized by a minimal surface roughness (Ra) or substantial surface smoothness, as measured by scanning electron microscopy or atomic force microscopy. The invention also provides for processes for selection of an optimized coral-based solid substrate for mitigating or preventing cell or tissue adherence and/or vascularization and applications of the same.
