This invention provides solid substrates for mitigating or preventing cell or tissue adherence and/or vascularization which solid substrate comprises a marine organism skeletal derivative and is characterized by a specific fluid uptake capacity value of less than 40% which specific fluid uptake capacity value is determined by establishing a spontaneous fluid uptake value divided by a total fluid uptake value and processes for selection of an optimized marine organism skeletal derivative based solid substrate for mitigating or preventing cell or tissue adherence and/or vascularization and applications of the same. This invention also provides solid substrates for mitigating or preventing cell or tissue adherence and/or vascularization which solid substrate is characterized by having a contact angle value of more than 60 degrees when in contact with a fluid. This invention also provides solid substrates for mitigating or preventing cell or tissue adherence and/or vascularization which solid substrate is characterized by a minimal surface roughness (Ra) or substantial surface smoothness as measured by scanning electron microscopy or atomic force microscopy. The invention also provides for processes for selection of an optimized coral based solid substrate for mitigating or preventing cell or tissue adherence and/or vascularization and applications of the same.
