A physiological sensor for near-infrared spectroscopy at various depths includes elementary modules, each provided with at least one element chosen among transmitters of near infrared beams and receivers that are photosensitive in near- infrared, wherein each elementary module is connected to an adjacent elementary module by means of an articulation coupled to an angle sensor configured to measure the angle of inclination between the two elementary modules, wherein the elementary modules are assembled in order to form an optoelectronic layer that can be configured between a planar configuration in a main plane in which each articulation has an angle of inclination that is zero with respect to the main plane, and a plurality of curved configurations in which at least one of the articulations has an angle of inclination that is not zero with respect to the main plane.
