Provided is use of a sphingosine compound, or a derivative of a sphingosine compound, in the manufacture of a vaccine effective in the treatment and prevention of an infectious disease and treatment and/or prevention of an autoimmune disease. Also provided is use of a sphingosine compound, or a derivative of a sphingosine compound, in the manufacture of an immunomodulation medicament effective in the prevention of infectious disease and treatment and/or prevention of an autoimmune disease.
