In one aspect, a system for adjusting down pressure loads on a disc opener of a seeder may include a depth adjustment assembly having a gauge wheel and a gauge wheel arm coupled between the disc opener and the gauge wheel. The system may also include an actuator configured to apply a down pressure load on the disc opener. Moreover, the system may include a sensor provided in operative association with the gauge wheel or a component coupled between the gauge wheel and the gauge wheel arm. The sensor may be configured to detect a parameter indicative of the down pressure load applied on the disc opener. Additionally, a controller of the system may be configured to control an operation of the actuator based on measurement signals received from the sensor to regulate the down pressure load applied on the disc opener.