PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a treatment agent in which, while securing the efficiency of the first treatment agent in which an effective component remains on the surface of the material to be treated, excellent in the efficiency maintaining effect of the second treatment agent in which an effective component infiltrates into the material to be treated, a wood preservation agent and a coating material.SOLUTION: Provided is a treatment agent comprising: a first treatment agent in which an effective component remains on the surface of the material to be treated and a second treatment agent in which an effective component infiltrates into the material to be treated. The first treatment agent has the average particle diameter of 1 μm or higher and the first particles including the effective component. The second treatment agent has the average particle diameter below 1 μm and the second particle including the effective component.COPYRIGHT: (C)2016,JPO&INPIT【課題】有効成分が被処理材の表面に残存する第1の処理剤の効力を確保しつつ、有効成分が被処理材の内部に浸透する第2の処理剤の効力持続効果に優れる処理剤、木材保存剤および塗料を提供すること。【解決手段】処理剤は、有効成分が被処理材の表面に残存する第1の処理剤と、有効成分が被処理材の内部に浸透する第2の処理剤とを含有する。第1の処理剤は、平均粒子径1μm以上であり、有効成分を含有する第1の粒子を含有する。第2の処理剤は、平均粒子径1μm未満であり、有効成分を含有する第2の粒子を含有する。【選択図】なし