A mineral-protein complex (Complex I) is provided, including a mineral and a protein, wherein the protein is derived from a milk source and wherein the milk source has a ratio of protein to calcium is equal to or above 45:1, and wherein the mineral-protein complex includes over 1% w/w bound mineral. A mineral-protein complex (Complex II) is also provided, including an exogenously added mineral and a protein, wherein the mineral-protein complex is soluble in a solution at a physiological pH between 6.6 and 6.9 and the complex includes exogenous phosphorus.
