PURPOSE: A composition for preventing alopecia or promoting hair growth using Duchesnea chrysanthe extract is provided to suppress 5alpha-reductase activity. CONSTITUTION: A composition for preventing alopecia or promoting hair growth contains Duchesnea chrysanthe extract as an active ingredient. The extract is prepared from whole plant of Duchesnea chrysanthe using water and 70% ethanol. The composition further contains red ginseng powder or red ginseng extract. The composition is a hair cosmetic composition. The cosmetic composition is manufactured in the form of an emulsion, lotion, cream, solution, suspension, anhydrous product, gel, and powder. The composition is also a shampoo, soap, or pharmaceutical composition.본 발명은 5α-리덕타아제의 활성을 억제하고, 실제 동물실험과 임상시험에 있어서도 탈모 방지 및 발모 촉진 효과를 갖는 뱀딸기 추출물을 이용한 탈모 방지 또는 발모 촉진용 조성물을 개시한다.