An objective of the present invention is to provide a pharmaceutical agent for the prevention or treatment of the acute renal failure which is caused by the persistence or aggravation of systemic inflammatory response syndrome due to trauma, burns, pancreatitis, sepsis, or infection； disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome； multiple organ failure； peripheral arterial occlusive disease； arteriosclerosis obliterans； and Crush syndrome； or posttransplantation complications. The present invention is a preventive or therapeutic agent for acute renal failure which includes the hydantoin derivative represented by the following general formula as an active ingredient. Of the compounds, (2S,4S)-6-fluoro-2',5'-dioxospiro[chroman-4,4'-imidazolidine]-2-carboxamide is particularly preferable. wherein X represents a halogen atom or a hydrogen atom, R1 and R2 independently represent a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted C1 to C6 alkyl group, or R 1 and R 2 , together with a nitrogen atom bound thereto, or optionally another nitrogen atom or an oxygen atom, are combined to form a 5- to 6-membered heterocycle.본 발명은, 하기 일반식으로 나타내는 하이단토인 유도체를 유효성분으로 하는 급성 신부전의 예방 또는 치료제이다. 해당 화합물 중에서, 특히, (2S,4S)-6-플루오로-2',5'-디옥소스피로[크로만-4,4'-이미다졸리딘]-2-카르복사미드가 바람직하다.(식중, X는 할로겐원자 또는 수소원자를 의미하고, R1, R2는, 각각 독립적으로 수소원자 또는 치환되어 있어도 좋은 C1-6 알킬기 등을 나타낸다.)
