Systems, methods and apparatus are provided through which in one aspect, a toothbrush system for imaging a dental structure includes a handle, a brush head, a tracking system, an optical system operable to acquire a set of optical absorption samples associated with a set of optical properties and a time, and a set of machine readable instructions operable to receive the three dimensional position of the brush head, receive the optical absorption samples, associate each optical absorption sample with a point on the dental structure, and determine oral health measures associated with each point on the dental structure. In another aspect, a method for quantifying oral health includes acquiring a set of optical absorption samples wherein each sample is associated with a three dimensional point on a dental structure, and computing a set of oral health measures based on the set of optical absorption samples.
