A control system and method based on a physiological signal are disclosed, by which a user wears a detection device on the user body to be detected with a physiological signal of the user body, a control server may process the physiological signal to generate a corresponding control command, and thus an under-control device may be controlled to operate based on the control command. By using the technical means, the present invention may achieve a technical efficacy of controlling the under-control device based on the users physiological signal.