An object of the present invention is to suppress variations in relative positional relation of an optical dome of a capsule casing, an illuminating unit, and an optical unit, and to determine the respective preferable relative positions of the illuminating unit and the optical unit with respect to the optical dome highly accurately. A capsule medical device according to the present invention includes optical domes 2b and 2c illuminating boards 19a and 19f having light-emitting elements 3a to 3d and 6a to 6d mounted thereon, respectively, which illuminate inside a subject over their respective optical domes 2b and 2c optical units 4 and 7 that form images of inside the subject for solid-state imaging devices 5 and 8 and positioning units 14 and 15 in which the illuminating boards 19a and 19f and the optical units 4 and 7 are fixedly arranged, respectively. The positioning units 14 and 15 are fitted and fixed to inner circumferences of their respective optical domes 2b and 2c, thereby determining the respective relative positions of the light-emitting elements 3a to 3d and 6a to 6d, and the optical units 4 and 7 with respect to the optical domes 2b and 2c.
