The invention is a class of spray-on burn dressings for use in the treatment of various types of tissue burns, such as burns due to heat, chemicals, or sun exposure. The inventive spray-on dressing is comprised of a film-forming polymer and metal or metal oxide particles. The metal or metal oxide, preferably aluminum oxide, acts as a thermally conductive component to enhance heat-dissipation from the burn. The spray-on dressing may also include antibacterial agents, anesthetics, analgesics, or preservatives. The spray-on dressing may be dispensed by aerosol container or by manual pump spray.