The present invention generally refers to an active fraction of an extract of the latex of plants from the family Euphorbiaceae in a polar solvent, as well as of one or more compounds contained therein, as well as the use of said fraction and/or said compounds, particularly in the treatment of cancer. The invention also refers to compositions comprising said active fraction and/or said compounds, as well as their use for the treatment of diseases concerning cell proliferation/angiogenesis, particularly cancer.