Provided are a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating a central nervous system disease including, as an active ingredient, cord blood or cord blood-derived cells expressing or secreting pericentrin (PCNT), a composition or kit for diagnosing a central nervous system disease including an agent for measuring a level of PCNT protein, a method of analyzing information required for diagnosing a central nervous system disease using PCNT protein, and a method of screening a candidate substance for a therapeutic agent to treat a central nervous system disease. By using the composition including cord blood or cord blood-derived cells expressing or secreting PCNT, central nervous system diseases may be efficiently prevented or treated. Furthermore, the PCNT protein may be used as a target for diagnosing a central nervous system disease at an early stage and for developing a therapeutic agent for a central nervous system disease.
