A medical image processing apparatus according to one embodiment includes obtaining circuitry, calculating circuitry, and transforming circuitry. The obtaining circuitry takes an expiration time phase or an inspiration time phase as a benchmark time phase and obtains a benchmark line structure, which is a line structure of a bronchus in a lung field, from a medical image at the benchmark time phase. The calculating circuitry calculates a motion amount between a component depicted in the medical image at the benchmark time phase and a component depicted in a medical image at at least one other time phase than the benchmark time phase. The transforming circuitry transforms the benchmark line structure based on the motion amount to obtain an estimated line structure, which is estimated as a line structure at the at least one other time phase.
