There is provided a measurement device including a measurement unit configured to have a light source unit configured to emit measurement light having at least one kind of wavelength for measuring a biological component included inside a living body, a detection unit configured to detect the measurement light emitted from the inside of the living body, and a polarization control unit configured to be provided in at least one position between the light source unit and the living body or between the living body and the detection unit and to control a polarization direction of the measurement light, and an analysis unit configured to compute an optical rotation degree based on a change in a polarization state of the measurement light using a measurement result obtained by the measurement unit and to analyze a concentration of the biological component based on the computed optical rotation degree.
