A medical observation apparatus and control method are provided. An objective optical system for condensing light from an object, an optical axis different from the optical axis of the objective optical system, and a combination of 2 for forming an image of light condensed by the objective optical system A medical observation apparatus comprising: an imaging optical system including an image optical system; and a control unit configured to execute an autofocus operation by moving a focusing optical member included in the objective optical system. [Selected figure] Figure 7