The present invention provides pharmaceutical formulations of levorotatory-epinephrine, 1-epinephrine, more potent and less toxic than existing pharmaceutical formulations of epinephrine, along with methods of producing and using these pharmaceutical formulations of 1-epinephrine, including providing prefilled syringes of pharmaceutical formulations of 1-epinephrine and methods of using these prefilled syringes by treating patients with continuous intravenous infusion instead of bolus administration.