A mesoscopic imaging and surgical guidance apparatus. The apparatus includes an image capturing path, including a telecentric lens which receives backscattered light from a light which illuminates tissue in vivo with diffused light or collimated light and transforms the received light into an orthographic view, an image capturing device which captures the orthographic view, a processing unit configured to process the captured orthographic view to thereby generate a guidance image, and a projection path, including a light source configured to project the generated guidance image through the telecentric lens on to the tissue to guide surgical operations.
