The invention provides an insulin resistance improvingagent which contains, as an active component, a C-terminalglobular domain of adiponectin, adiponectin, or a gene forthe domain or adiponectin. The invention also provides atherapeutic agent for type 2 diabetes, which contains, as anactive component, a C-terminal globular domain ofadiponectin, adiponectin, or a gene for the domain oradiponectin.The invention reverses insulin resistance induced froma high fat diet and associated with obesity, and therefore,enables treatment of type 2 diabetes, which is the mostcommon among other types of diabetes.