The present invention relates to a fused aminodihydrothiazine derivative of formula (I): wherein X is hydrogen or fluorine; R is monofluoromethyl or difluoromethyl; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof; which compound has an A&bgr; production inhibitory effect or a BACE1 inhibitory effect and is useful as a prophylactic or therapeutic agent for a neurodegenerative disease caused by A&bgr; and typified by Alzheimer-type dementia.