Provided herein are hydrogel compositions containing graphene, chitosan, a polyethylene (glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA). The hydrogel can optionally contain an N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) (TPCG hydrogel). Also provided are methods for differentiating a cell on the hydrogels described herein. Further provided herein are methods for delivering a compound via the hydrogels described herein.