Disclosed is a method for representing optotypes (2) using an image output device (4) in order to test visual acuity and/or determine refraction. In said method, optotypes (10) are displayed in a three-dimensional image (6), and the image is subdivided in such a way that the optotypes (10) can be perceived by one eye under binocular conditions, the three-dimensional image (6) being perceivable in a binocular manner.