A fermentation barrel lid (200) and a fermentation barrel (300). The fermentation barrel lid comprises a lid body (21) and respiratory devices (23) the lid body is provided with respiratory holes (211) penetrating through the lid body the pore diameter of the respiratory holes ranges from 0.5 to 200 mm the respiratory devices are correspondingly provided in the respiratory holes the respiratory devices comprise microporous respiratory membranes (231), and the pore diameter of micropores of the microporous respiratory membrane ranges from 5 nm to 5 mm. The fermentation barrel can exhaust waste gas in time, benefiting to improving the fermentation effect, and can maintain the balance of the air pressure inside and outside the barrel. Furthermore, the fermentation barrel also implements prevention of external microorganisms from entering the barrel to contaminate the environment in the barrel, so that the sundry bacteria contamination problem of fermented feed and the barrel deformation problem caused by different pressures inside and outside the barrel in the process of fermentation are resolved meanwhile, gas in the barrel can be exhausted in time, benefiting to better growth of microorganisms.Linvention concerne un couvercle de cuve de fermentation (200) et une cuve de fermentation (300). Le couvercle de cuve de fermentation comprend un corps de couvercle (21) et des dispositifs de respiration (23) le corps de couvercle est muni de trous de respiration (211) pénétrant à travers le corps de couvercle le diamètre de pore des trous de respiration est compris entre 0,5 et 200 mm les dispositifs de respiration sont disposés de manière correspondante dans les trous de respiration les dispositifs de respiration comprennent des membranes de respiration microporeuses (231), et le diamètre de pore des micropores de la membrane de respiration microporeuse est compris entre 5 nm et 5 mm. La cuve de fermentation peut évacuer les déchets gazeux en temps opportun, ce qui perme
