Die Erfindung beschreibt milde Wasch- und Reinigungsmittel zur Anwendung auf harten Oberflächen, Fasern und/oder Textilien, welche Tenside enthalten, die sich durch einen aussergewöhnlich hohen Anteil an langkettigen (>；C18) Alkylresten von über 60 Gew.-% und einem Anteil an ungesättigten Alkylresten von über 50% auszeichnen, jeweils bezogen auf den Gesamtgehalt an Alkylketten der im Mittel enthaltenen Tenside. Weiterhin werden neue Mittel beschrieben, die frei von Fettalkoholsulfaten, Fettalkoholethersulfaten, sowie Polyethylenglycolen (PEG) und Alkoxylaten sind.Mild washing- and cleaning agent comprises at least one surfactants comprising (a) fatty acids and their alkali or ammonium salts (I) and (II), (b) fatty acid ester (III), (c) fatty alcohols (IV), (d) ethers of fatty alcohols (V), (e) fatty acid amides (VI), (f) fatty acid-imine (VII), preferably amphoacetate, (g) primary, secondary, tertiary or quaternary fatty amine and/or fatty ammonium salts (VIII), (IX) and (XI). Mild washing- and cleaning agent comprises at least one surfactants comprising (a) fatty acids and their alkali or ammonium salts of formulae (R(O)OH) (I) and (R(O)OM) (II), (b) fatty acid ester of formula (R(O)OR 1>；) (III), (c) fatty alcohols of formula (ROH) (IV), (d) ethers of fatty alcohols of formula (ROR 1>；) (V), (e) fatty acid amides of formula (R(O)NR 1>；) (VI), (f) fatty acid-imine of formula (R(NR 1>；)NR 2>；R 3>；) (VII), preferably amphoacetate, (g) primary, secondary, tertiary or quaternary fatty amine and/or fatty ammonium salts of formula (RNH 2) (VIII), (RHNR 1>；) (IX), (RNR 1>；R 2>；) (X) and ((R)(R 1>；)(R 2>；)(R 3>；)N+Xh)) (XI). M : alkali metal cation or ammonium； R 1>；, R 3>；organic or inorganic hydrophilic groups； X : anion； and R : lipophilic part of the surfactant, comprising 8-24C alkyl (linear, optionally saturated and optionally branched), where the proportion of >；= 18C alkyl is greater than 60 wt.%, preferably 80-100 wt.%, based on the
