Provided are a root cutter and a root cutting system. The root cutter comprises: a knife body assembly comprising a first knife body and a second knife body fitted with each other, wherein the first knife body comprises a first knife handle (104) and a first cutter body (102), and the second knife body comprises a second knife handle (106) and a second cutter body; and a reciprocating mechanism (108) fitted with the first knife handle and the second knife handle and able to drive the first knife body and the second knife body to reciprocate, wherein two sides of the first cutter body are respectively arranged with a plurality of first blades, two sides of the second cutter body are respectively arranged with a plurality of second blades fitted with the first blades, and when the first knife body and the second knife body reciprocate, root systems of a plurality of plants on a plantation plate can be cut off at the same time. Further comprised is a root cutting system. The root cutter and the root cutting syst
