PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fluoroscopic apparatus and a method for imaging X-ray refractive indices of a sample object and quantitatively measuring distribution of the X-ray refractive indices while limiting exposure of the sample object to X-rays.SOLUTION: A Fluoroscopic apparatus 10 comprises an X-ray source 31, a lens array 32 located between the X-ray source 31 and a sample object 33 and configured to pass X-rays emitted by the X-ray source 31, and detection means located behind the sample object 33 and including a screen 34 or a two-dimensional X-ray sensor to detect the X-rays passing through the sample object 33 as an image.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3COPYRIGHT: (C)2017,JPO&INPIT【課題】試料物体へのX線被曝を抑えつつ、試料物体のX線屈折率を画像化し、X線屈折率の分布を定量的に計測するX線透視装置及び方法を提供する。【解決手段】X線透視装置10は、X線源31と、X線源31と試料物体33の間に配置され、X線源31から放射されたX線が通過するレンズアレイ32と、試料物体33の背後に配置され、試料物体33を透過したX線を像として検出するスクリーン34又は2次元X線センサを含む検出手段と、を備える。【選択図】図3