Federalnoe gosudarstvennoe byudzhetnoe nauchnoe uchrezhdenie "Vserossijskij nauchno-issledovatelskij institut gidrotekhniki i melioratsii imeni A.N. Kostyakova" (FGBNU "VNIIGiM im. A.N. Kostyakova")
发明人:
Gubin Vladimir Konstantinovich (RU),Губин Владимир Константинович (RU),Golovinov Evgenij Eduardovich (RU),Головинов Евгений Эдуардович (RU),Kasparyan Andranik Mardirosovich (RU),Каспарян Андраник Мард
申请号：
RU2019109000
公开号：
RU0002731280C1
申请日:
2019.03.28
申请国别(地区):
RU
年份:
2020
代理人:
摘要：
FIELD: agriculture.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture and will be used in irrigation along estuaries using flood water discharge or water intake from open water sources. Method includes spring application of mineral fertilizers and water supply with stages. At the first stage, water is supplied without fertilizer after thawing of soil layer in estuary at a depth of not less than 15–20 cm. At the second stage, water is supplied with addition of fertilizer solution during soil thawing to depth of 40 cm. Water supply norm with fertilizers is determined based on soaking of thawed layer. At the third stage, water is supplied without fertilizer during soil thawing to depth of 60 cm. At that, irrigation norm is determined based on humidification of upper 15–20 cm layer to 95–100 % of maximum moisture capacity. System of estuary irrigation includes earthen shafts enclosing the estuary and dividing it into compartments equipped with a water-passage structure with a water supply control device and a hydro-trolley. Water-passage structures are equipped with a flow rate meter connected to the computer of the water and fertilizer supply control panel. In the area of each compartment of the estuary at the freezing depth control wells are installed, in which there are devices for measuring soil temperature. Measuring devices represent a piece of pipe from insulating material with low heat conductivity, which is equipped with longitudinal slot and rings of material with high heat conductivity of diameter equal to well diameter, installed on external surface of pipe and coupled through slot with temperature sensors located inside pipe and connected communication system to computer of control panel.EFFECT: technical result is providing equal depth of soil soaking in estuary, possibility of determining depth of fertilizer application and elimination of losses of fertilizers due to their carryover beyond root layer of soil.2 cl, 2 dwgИзобретение относится к области сельского х
