Enhancing cotton yield and fiber quality via the optimization of within-boll yield components with potassium application under limited drip irrigation in arid regions

• 全文链接

干旱区有限滴灌条件下施钾通过优化铃内产量构成因素提高棉花产量和纤维品质

关键词：

来源：

INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS

全文链接：

//agri.nais.net.cn/topic/downloadFile/80098e3b-62c2-4a62-8e29-0bb966544448

来源地址：

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0926669024019344?via%3Dihub

资源所属：

棉花遗传育种

类型：

学术文献

语种：

英语

原文发布日期：

2024-11-15

摘要：

Increasing the cotton yield and fiber quality under a limited water supply is crucial for sustainable cotton production in arid regions facing water scarcity due to global warming. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of potassium application on the cotton yield and fiber quality under limited drip irrigation and enhance water-saving, high-yield cotton production in arid areas. A three-year field experiment was conducted from 2021-2023 via a split-plot experimental design, with two drip irrigation amounts (W1: 500, conventional drip irrigation; W2: 425 mm, limited drip irrigation) as the main plot and three potassium application levels (K1, K2 and K3: 48, 144 and 240 kg ha- 1, respectively) as the sub plot. The effects of the drip irrigation mode and potassium application level on the cotton yield and fiber quality were explored by assessing the differences in parameters such as the basic yield composition and the within-boll yield composition. The lint and cottonseed yield under the W2 treatment were 8.1 % and 5.7 % greater, respectively, than those under the W1 treatment. Under the W2 treatment, the lint yield increased by 22.0 and 15.1 % at the K2 and K3 application levels, and seed yield increased by 18.9 and 17.0 %, compared with those at the K1 application level. The best results were obtained under the W2K2 treatment, with 3614 kg ha- 1 lint and 4457 kg ha- 1 cottonseed. While the fiber characteristics remained stable, the W2K2 treatment exhibited an appropriate micronaire value and a higher Q score than those, at 4.1 (AA) and 32.3, respectively. Notably, under the W2K2 treatment, the boll weight (BW) and lint percentage (LP) significantly increased by 4.2-13.7 % and 2.5-6.2 %, respectively, and the boll density (BD) increased by 6.6-15.5 % compared with those under the other treatments (W1K1, W1K2, W1K3, and W2K1) from 2022-2023. These BW and LP increases could be attributed to single-boll biomass accumulation (SBA) and fiber percentage (fiber PCT) increases of 3.3-12.5 % and 6.5-16.7 %, respectively. An examination of the withinboll yield components revealed that under the W2K2 treatment, the lint index (LI), lint per seed (LPS), and individual fiber weight (IFW) values increased by 6.6-12.2 %, 6.6-12.2 %, and 2.9-12.8 %, respectively, compared with those under the other treatments. Under limited drip irrigation, applying an appropriate amount of potassium could optimize the yield of within-boll components while promoting SBA. These findings provide a foundation for enhancing basic yield components, ultimately achieving synchronized cotton yield and fiber quality increases. This irrigation and fertilizer management strategy provides new insights to ensure cotton yield enhancement and sustainable development in arid and semiarid regions.