A telomere-to-telomere genome assembly of cotton provides insights into centromere evolution and short-season adaptation

• 全文链接

棉花端粒到端粒的基因组组装为研究着丝粒进化和短季适应性提供了见解

关键词：

来源：

NATURE GENETICS

全文链接：

//agri.nais.net.cn/topic/downloadFile/3f749c51-d498-47a0-a72e-5a39b9d28c83

来源地址：

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41588-025-02130-4

资源所属：

棉花遗传育种

类型：

学术文献

语种：

英语

原文发布日期：

2025-03-17

摘要：

Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is a key allopolyploid crop with global economic importance. Here we present a telomere-to-telomere assembly of the elite variety Zhongmian 113. Leveraging technologies including PacBio HiFi, Oxford Nanopore Technology (ONT) ultralong-read sequencing and Hi-C, our assembly surpasses previous genomes in contiguity and completeness, resolving 26 centromeric and 52 telomeric regions, 5S rDNA clusters and nucleolar organizer regions. A phylogenetically recent centromere repositioning on chromosome D08 was discovered specific to G. hirsutum, involving deactivation of an ancestral centromere and the formation of a unique, satellite repeat-based centromere. Genomic analyses evaluated favorable allele aggregation for key agronomic traits and uncovered an early-maturing haplotype derived from an 11 Mb pericentric inversion that evolved early during G. hirsutum domestication. Our study sheds light on the genomic origins of short-season adaptation, potentially involving introgression of an inversion from primitively domesticated forms, followed by subsequent haplotype differentiation in modern breeding programs.