The present application relates to novel thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4-dione (“thienouracil”) derivatives bearing a particular type of (azaheterocyclyl)methyl substituent, to processes for the preparation thereof, to the use thereof alone or in combinations for treatment and/or prevention of diseases and to the use thereof for production of medicaments for treatment and/or prevention of diseases, especially for treatment and/or prevention of pulmonary and cardiovascular disorders and of cancer.