A plant cultivation apparatus includes a box, an illumination module, a thermoelectric cooling chip, a first heat dissipation module, and a second heat dissipation module. The box has a cover and a planting space. The cover has a first space and a second space separated from each other. The first space communicates with a surrounding environment. The second space communicates with the planting space. The illumination module assembled to the cover and located in the first space provides the planting space with light. The thermoelectric cooling chip assembled to the cover has a heating side located in the first space and a cooling side located in the second space. The first heat dissipation module located in the first space is thermally connected to the heating side and the illumination module. The second heat dissipation module located in the second space is thermally connected to the cooling side and the planting space.
