Asymmetries during Eyewall Replacement Cycles of Hurricane Ivan (2004)

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作   者：

Rojas, Bruno S.;  Didlake, Anthony C.;  Zhang, Jun A.; 

作者机构：

Penn State Univ;  Univ Miami; 

关键词：

CONVECTIVE-SCALE DOWNDRAFTS;  Mesoscale processes;  VERTICAL WIND SHEAR;  RAPID INTENSIFICATION;  SECONDARY EYEWALL;  INTENSITY;  PART II;  DOPPLER RADAR ANALYSIS;  INNER-CORE;  Hurricanes/typhoons;  KINEMATIC STRUCTURE;  Tropical cyclones;  Aircraft observations;  TROPICAL CYCLONE;  Radars/Radar observations; 

期刊名称：

Monthly weather review

i s s n：

0027-0644

年卷期：

2024 年 152 卷 8 期

页   码：

1741-1761

页   码：

摘   要：

The physical processes that govern eyewall replacement cycles (ERCs) in tropical cyclones (TCs) are not yet fully understood. In particular, asymmetric structures within the TC inner core have an uncertain role in ERC dynamics. This study analyzes the kinematic and precipitation asymmetric structures during successive ERCs in Hurricane Ivan (2004) using airborne Doppler radar observations. The azimuthal locations of these asymmetries are analyzed relative to the deep-layer (850-200 hPa) environmental wind shear vector. Two ERCs were analyzed at different stages of their evolution. During the concentric eyewall stage of the fi rst ERC, the outer eyewall updrafts were strongest in the left-of-shear half, which also coincided with mesoscale descending inflow fl ow (MDI) just radially outward. Enhanced low-level convergence, updrafts, and MDI were collocated in a zone spiraling inward toward the strongest outer eyewall updrafts, suggesting that the vertical velocity asymmetry in the outer eyewall was possibly forced by a stratiform-induced cold pool similar to MDI impacts seen in past TC studies. During the fi nal stage of the second ERC, the outer eyewall (now the singular primary eyewall) experienced an upwind shift in the precipitation and vertical velocity asymmetries. The updraft maximum shifted from the downshear-left quadrant to the downshear-right quadrant, and the precipitation maximum (downwind of the updraft maximum) shifted from left-of-shear to the downshear direction. This shift corroborates previous studies, which hypothesize that at the end of an ERC, the forcing mechanism that drives the eyewall vertical velocity asymmetry transitions from MDI/cold-pool processes to direct interaction with the environmental wind shear.