Streptopelia decaocto;
Columbia livia;
naturalized species;
Colinus virginianus;
Sturnus vulgaris;
game birds;
Passer domesticus;
populations;
Idaho;
期刊名称：
Northwestern Naturalist: a journal of vertebrate biology
i s s n：
1051-1733
年卷期：
2023 年
104 卷
2 期
页 码：
99-116
页 码：
摘 要：
Four naturalized landbird species and 7 Galliform species are well established in Idaho. These species initially appeared in the state between 1870 to 2001 and usually became widespread within 1 or 2 decades. Combined, these 11 naturalized species account for 70.3% of all land birds counted on Idaho Christmas Bird Counts (CBC) from 1990-2018. Naturalized species made up 6.2% of land birds on Idaho Breeding Bird Surveys routes (BBS). Rock Pigeons (Columbia livia), European Starlings (Sturnus vulgaris), and House Sparrows (Passer domesticus) were the 3 most abundant land birds on 1990-2018 Idaho CBC and were common on Idaho BBS. Since 1st appearing in 2001, Eurasian Collared-Dove (Streptopelia decaocto) populations grew exponentially through the mid-2010s before declining, and were the 4th most abundant bird on Idaho CBC from 2014-2018. Northern Bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) were locally common for over a century but are now probably extirpated. Gambel's Quail (Callipepla gambelii) were introduced near the Salmon-Lemhi River confluence where a small population persists. California Quail (Callipepla californicus), Gray Partridge (Perdix perdix), Chukar (Alectoris chukar), Ring-necked Pheasant (Phasianus colchicus), and Wild Turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) ranged from the 12th to 40~(th) most common birds on the 1990-2018 Idaho CBC and but were less common on Idaho BBS. Populations of California Quail, Gambel's Quail and Wild Turkey have been increasing, Chukar and Gray Partridge stable, and Ring-necked Pheasant decreasing. Idaho hunters annually harvest 10,000s to 100,000s of these 5 game birds.
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