Neural Dynamics for Facilitating ADHD Diagnosis in Preschoolers: Central and Parietal Delta Synchronization in the Kiddie Continuous Performance Test

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作   者：

I-Chun Chen;  Chih-Hao Chang;  Yang Chang;  Dar-Shong Lin;  Cheng-Hsiu Lin;  Li-Wei Ko; 

作者机构：

International Ph.D. Program in Interdisciplinary Neuroscience;  National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (National Chiao Tung University);  National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (former National Chiao Tung U;  Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology;  Hsinchu;  Taipei;  Department of Pediatrics;  Department of Electrical Engineering;  and the Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDS2B);  Doctor Lin’s Psychiatric Clinic;  Brain Research Center;  Taiwan;  Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology;  College of Biological Science and Technology;  Mackay Memorial Hospital; 

关键词：

Wireless communication;  Pediatrics;  ADHD;  facilitate diagnosis;  K-CPT;  preschoolers;  Biomarkers;  Electroencephalography;  wearable EEG;  Indexes;  Task analysis;  Medical diagnostic imaging; 

期刊名称：

IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering: a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society

i s s n：

1534-4320

年卷期：

2021 年 29 卷

页   码：

1524-1533

页   码：

摘   要：

The present study aimed to characterize children at risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) during preschool age and provide early intervention. The continuous performance test (CPT) and electroencephalography (EEG) can contribute additional valuable information to facilitate diagnosis. This study measured brain dynamics at slow and fast task rates in the CPT using a wireless wearable EEG and identified correlations between the EEG and CPT data in preschool children with ADHD. Forty-nine preschool children participated in this study, of which 29 were diagnosed with ADHD and 20 exhibited typical development (TD). The Conners Kiddie Continuous Performance Test (K-CPT) and wireless wearable EEG recordings were employed simultaneously. Significant differences were observed between the groups with ADHD and TD in task-related EEG spectral powers (central as well as parietal delta, P < 0.01), which were distinct only in the slow-rate task condition. A shift from resting to the CPT task condition induced overall alpha powers decrease in the ADHD group. In the task condition, the delta powers were positively correlated with the CPT perseveration scores, whereas the alpha powers were negatively correlated with specific CPT scores mainly on perseveration and detectability (P < 0.05). These results, which complement the findings of other sparse studies that have investigated within-task-related brain dynamics, particularly in preschool children, can assist specialists working in early intervention to plan training and educational programs for preschoolers with ADHD.