Department of General Pediatrics;
Heidelberg;
Germany.;
University Hospital for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine;
Division of Inborn Metabolic Diseases;
Adeficiency of mevalonate ki-nase resulting in mevalonic aciduria was the first inherited defect in cholesterol and non-sterol isoprene biosynthesis to be recognized. Nine other enzyme deficiencies have since been identified in the distal part of the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway. They are associated mainly with skeletal and organ malformations, skin abnormalities, and psychomotor retardation. Recently, two defects in the synthesis of coenzyme Q10 (also called ubiquinone) have been associated with disorders that clinically resemble abnormalities of mitochondrial energy metabolism.